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85-04: Cold Water, Pumping Head and Energy ConservationEnergy conservation strategies in cooling towers involve more than a cursory examination of fan horsepower consumption. The optimization of cold water and analysis of pumping head can provide vast savings potential. The most important utilization of cooling tower water is the answer to the question, "What is the dollar value of 1F colder water in your process?" and "What is the dollar cost of pumping water to the distribution system?" State of the art

Over the past several years

Liquid re-use and solids dewatering concepts are highlighted with test data and case story examples

Unchecked biofouling can lead to shut down cooling water operations and created potential human exposure hazards

but also of outside services and ecological systems

The initial startup of a new recirculating cooling tower system can either result in a substantial reduction in the life expectancy of the heat exchangers and it can cause difficulties in maintaining heat transfer just weeks after startup or

Biofouling control has always been a difficult task for cooling tower treatment programs

In areas where water conservation

require less maintenance

and precipitates during the fowling process

These waters often contain impurities that serve as nutrients for microbiological fouling in cooling systems

because water for evaporation is unavailable at the plant site in the winter

This paper presents the findings from the study

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